Around 200,000 veterans of the 1991 Gulf War (GW) suffer from GW illness (GWI), which is characterized by multiple deficits in cognitive, emotion, sensory and interoception domains. In this study we examined resting state fMRI data from 23 GWI patients and 30 age-matched controls with group independent components analysis (ICA). Deficits in neurocognitive assessment scores of different brain function domains in GWI veterans strongly correlated with impaired functional connectivity within and between specific brain function networks engaged during performance of the corresponding neuropsychological tests, thereby elucidating brain mechanisms underlying cognitive deficits in GWI.
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