Prolonged exercise has beneficial effects on cognition, which could be mediated by changes in neuronal metabolism. We present the first 7T MRS exercise study investigating neurometabolite concentrations before and after randomization to aerobic exercise or toning exercise in a large sample of healthy volunteers. We found that change in cardiovascular fitness was positively associated with changes in hippocampus glutamine, and negatively associated with change in glutamate in the anterior cingulate cortex; regardless of exercise group. This suggests that exercise-induced metabolic changes might not specific to the hippocampus, and that exercise likely has widespread effects on brain metabolism.
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