Cortical thickness changes have been shown to be correlated with a wide variety of behavioral measures. Until recently, methods to probe the laminar changes underlying these large scale cortical changes in vivo have not been available. Here, we present methods to measure laminar thickness within the cortex, and show that sufficient precision exists to observe behavioral correlates within individual layers. Furthermore, our data are consistent with the hypothesis that behavior learned early in life has different laminar thickness correlates than does behavior learned later in life.
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