Integration of Concurrent Real-Time FMRI and EEG Data: Simultaneous Real-Time FMRI and EEG Neurofeedback

Jerzy Bodurka¹, Vadim Zotev¹, Raquel Phillips¹, Han Yuan¹

We describe the system we implemented on commercial MRI and EEG equipment in which we achieved integration of concurrent real-time fMRI (rtfMRI) and electroencephalography (EEG) data for the purpose of simultaneous rtfMRI-EEG neurofeedback. This first-of-its-kind real-time simultaneous fMRI and EEG multimodal neurofeedback (rtfMRI-EEG-mnf) approach allows research participants to receive information about their cerebral electrophysiological and hemodynamic activity in real-time and to then use this information to volitionally self-regulate neural responses. This system can be used in the development of novel cognitive neuroscience research paradigms and novel enhanced cognitive therapeutic approaches for major psychiatric disorders.