Accelerated 4D Flow CMR Imaging with Variable-Density Random Undersampling and Parallel Imaging

Jing Liu¹, Petter Dyverfeldt², Michael Hope¹, David A. Saloner¹

This study investigated time-resolved variable-density random sampling scheme for highly accelerating 4D flow cardiovascular imaging. With our proposed Sample-selective sliding window reconstruction for TIme-Resolved Random UndersamPling (STIRRUP) method, high quality flow images were achieved. STIRRUP reconstruction results were also used as improved initial solution for the parallel imaging method SPIRIT (iiSPIRIT), achieving accurate and robust flow images. Our qualitative and quantitative evaluations of the results demonstrated the potential of our methods to achieve highly accelerated 4D flow imaging with maintained accuracy.