Deactivation of the default mode network is associated with resting-state glutamate and GABA

The default mode network (DMN) deactivation observed with BOLD fMRI is thought to be associated with suppression of spontaneous brain activities and reallocation of resources to ongoing, attention-demanding tasks. However, the underlying neurochemical mechanism of DMN deactivation remains largely unknown. The current study aimed to examine the relationship between DMN deactivation induced by a WM task and the endogenous concentrations of glutamate and GABA in the posterior cingulate/precuneus region. The major excitatory neurotransmitter, glutamate, was found to prevent BOLD signal from deactivation while GABA, the major inhibitory neurotransmitter, exert opposite effects.

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