On conductivity, permittivity, apparent diffusion coefficients and their use as cancer markers at MRI frequencies

Experiments using an impedance analyzer/dielectric probe were performed in two rat cancer models to validate the frequency dependant differences in tissue electrical properties (TEP's) between cancer and normal tissues. Correlations between conductivity and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) were also investigated. While it was found that limited differences (5-30%) exist between the TEP's of cancer and normal tissue, permittivity added significant discriminant power compared to ADC alone, particularly at 1.5T and 3T. If MRI based TEP measurements could be brought to ~5% accuracy/repeatability, it is suggested that 3T exams involving ADC and permittivity mapping could better discern cancer from normal tissue.

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