Oscillating gradient diffusion MRI reveals frequency-dependent contrasts in cellular layers of the human cerebellum

We investigate the effect of gradient frequency on diffusion MR contrasts derived using oscillating diffusion-sensitizing gradients in the fixed human cerebellum. Using diffusion MRI data acquired at 11.7 T with pulsed gradient and modified trapezoid-cosine oscillating gradient waveforms (at frequencies of 67, 100, 150, and 200 Hz), we report the generation of unique layer-specific contrasts in the human cerebellum. Quantitative maps derived from the rate of change in ADC measurements with gradient frequency revealed distinct anatomical contrasts highlighting specific cerebellar layers, which were compared with histologically-stained sections of the same tissue. The results demonstrate the potential of oscillating-gradient diffusion MRI acquisitions to generate anatomical contrasts that are sensitive to the microstructure of cellular layers in the human cerebellar gray matter.

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