An extensible methodology for creating realistic anthropomorphic digital phantoms for quantitative imaging algorithm comparisons and validation

Increasing interest in and use of quantitative imaging biomarkers in clinical research and clinical practice necessitates careful assessment and mitigation of bias and variance associated with the acquisition and image analysis techniques, especially in the context of spatially heterogeneous processes. In this work, we report an extensible methodology for creating an anthropomorphic digital reference object (DRO) with a synthetic tumor to evaluate quantitative imaging algorithms using a realistic data analysis scenario with known ground truth. Such a realistic DRO facilitates quantitative imaging biomarker algorithm comparisons and validation.

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