The impact of echo time on the calibration parameter M

A calibrated BOLD experiment was performed with a multi-echo sequence to determine how BOLD response to hypercapnia and the calibration parameter M vary with echo time. Theory has predicted these relationships to be directly proportional, but is based on the assumption of negligible intravascular signal contribution. We performed experiments both with and without the use of intravascular crushers, and show that although M is a linear function of echo time, the intercept is not zero. This result has implications for the commonly employed scaling method used to better compare M values from experiments with differing echo times.

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