Effect of diffusion and vessel topology on relaxation mechanisms using a cylinder fork model

Straight cylinders are conventionally used when simulating BOLD contrast effects in fMRI. But the vasculature is more complicated with branching and coiling especially in tumors which can affect relaxation times. Diffusion can also introduce changes in the relaxation mechanisms within tumors. In this study, we use a simple cylinder fork model to reflect the curvature of vessels and performed simulations at different diffusion rates to study the effect of the bifurcation angle and diffusion on transverse relaxation times. This model clearly indicated a dependence of relaxation times on the bifurcation angle which varied between low and high diffusion constants.

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