With the emergence of rAAV-based gene therapy clinical trials in patients with glycogen storage disorders such as Pompe disease, there is a pressing need for early and non-invasive markers to assess treatment efficacy. While 13C-MRS has been used for detection of glycogen in muscle, its clinical implementation remains limited, due to its low natural abundance and inherent low sensitivity. 31P-MRS has higher sensitivity and can probe intermediates of glucose/glycogen metabolism. We sought to identify new biomarkers of Pompe disease progression in muscle using 13C/31P-MRS and 1H-HR-MAS in the mouse model of the disease, and tested their sensitivity to rAAV therapy.
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