23Na-MRI at 7T can give valuable insights into lung physiology because 23Na signals are linked to sodium-potassium-ATPase and to fluid balance. However, low NMR sensitivity and low in-vivo concentrations of Na+ ions in-vivo limit the achievable spatial resolution and prolong acquisition times. In this study a retrospective self-gated reconstruction was used to reduce motion artifacts in free-breathing 23Na-MRI of human lung. The presented method allows for the reconstruction of 23Na images which correspond to two respiratory motion states for free-breathing volunteers and patients. 3D Dictionary-Learning Compressed-Sensing reconstruction was shown to markedly reduce image noise.
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