Pathologies which overrule natural pH regulatory mechanisms such as ischemia, inflammation or tumors can trigger local pH changes in the human body. Currently, clinical routine measurement of extracellular pH is limited to measuring systemic blood pH. We synthesized, characterized, calibrated and applied [1,5-13C2]zymonic acid (ZA) as a novel hyperpolarized 13C pH biosensor. With its demonstrated features both in vitro and in vivo (bladder, healthy kidney, Mat B III adenocarcinoma), we believe that ZA could help localize and quantify regions with aberrant acid-base balance, allowing for improved understanding, diagnostics and therapy of common diseases.
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