Chemoradiotherapy (CRT) was considered to be a very effective treatment regimen for locally advanced or unresectable esophageal cancer (EC). Usually the therapy-induced early changes of tumor microenvironment were prior to morphological changes, which cannot be detected by traditional imaging techniques. This study used intravoxel incoherent motion diffusion-weighted imaging (IVIM-DWI) to investigate the early response to CRT in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). It was found that the IVIM-DWI parameters (ADC and D) might be valuable in pretreatment predicting and monitoring the early treatment response to CRT in ESCC.
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