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Abstract #3402

Orientation-invariant and non-parametric Axon Diameter Distribution mapping using PGSE and regularized discrete linear modeling

David Romascano1, Muhamed Barakovic1, Anna Auría1, Tim Bjørn Dyrby2,3, Jean-Philippe Thiran1,4, and Alessandro Daducci1,4,5

1Signal Processing Laboratory 5 (LTS5), EPFL, Lausanne, Switzerland, 2Danish Research Centre for Magnetic Resonance, Center for Functional and Diagnostic Imaging and Research, Copenhagen University Hospital Hvidovre, Hvidovre, Denmark, 3Department of Applied Mathematics and Computer Science, Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby, Denmark, 4University Hospital Center (CHUV) and University of Lausanne (UNIL), Lausanne, Switzerland, 5Computer Science department, University of Verona, Italy

Axon diameter distributions (ADDs) change during brain development and are altered in several brain pathologies. Mapping ADDs non-invasively using dMRI could provide a useful biomarker, but existing methods are either parametric, orientation-dependent, summarize the whole ADD as a single measure or use non-standard protocols. We propose to estimate the ADD from an orientation-invariant PGSE protocol optimized for axon diameter sensitivity, using a discrete linear model with smoothness and sparsity regularization. To our knowledge, we are the first to show that PGSE sequences can be used to extract orientationally invariant and non-parametric ADD estimates.

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