Periodicity is inherent in numerous external sensory stimuli. However, its effect on large-scale resting state brain networks has not been fully understood. This study investigated brain networks before and after periodic visual stimulation in low frequency (1Hz) using resting state functional MRI. Enhanced connectivity in visual, temporal, salience and ventral attention networks were detected after 1Hz visual stimulation. Furthermore, power spectrum analysis showed increase in infra-slow (<0.1Hz) rsfMRI activity. These findings suggest that slow and periodic visual stimulation initiates and/or facilitates certain neuromodulatory mechanisms such as neural oscillations, leading to increased rsfMRI connectivity.
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