Diffusion tensor imaging is sensitive to movement of water molecules but not specific as a biomarker in evaluating the highly complex microstructural environment of gliomas. Neurite orientation dispersion and density imaging (NODDI) uses different strengths of diffusion gradients to provide more specific indices of tissue microstructure than DTI. Patients with grade IV gliomas exhibited significant increase in both neurite density and orientation dispersion index as compared to grade III and II glioma cases. This study demonstrates clinical feasibility of using NODDI as a biomarker to grade tumors.
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