Myelin dysfunction has frequently been identified as one of the neural abnormalities in schizophrenia, yet systematic in vivo examination of myelin content in patients is lacking. The current study compared the degree of myelination in schizophrenia patients and comparison healthy controls. Myelin content was estimated by constructing quantitative whole-brain maps of macromolecular proton fraction, which is believed to be one of the biomarkers for myelination in neural tissues. Statistical analysis revealed that SZ patients were associated with a significant reduction in myelin content throughout white matter, as well as in several grey matter regions including cingulate cortex and hippocampus.
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