In this study we develop a new method to generate individual maps of activated microglia from 18F-DPA-714 positron emission tomography images and we use it to reproduce in-vivo the histopathological classification of multiple sclerosis white matter lesions. This method allowed us to identify chronically active lesions which are not detectable with standard MRI. These lesions were found to be the most structurally dynamic over time, having a higher chance of enlarging or shrinking after one year. Furthermore, a higher number of active lesions was associated with a more severe clinical progression.
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