The capacity of high angular resolution diffusion MRI to detect subtle pathology in multiple sclerosis (MS) patients can be enhanced when combined with image texture analysis techniques. This study proposes a new voxel-based analysis of diffusion image texture including entropy and angular second moment (ASM, homogeneity), and 45 direction-values per voxel. Results show that while all diffusion maps have differences between lesions and control tissue, both diffusion entropy and ASM maps have better contrast than the classical maps of fractional anisotropy. This new approach may enhance our ability in detecting subtle nerve fiber tract integrity.
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