Abnormal accumulation of intracellular triglycerides (hepatic steatosis) is the earliest and hallmark feature of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Confounder-corrected quantitative chemical-shift encoded MRI (CSE-MRI) is an accurate, precise and reproducible biomarker of hepatic steatosis as quantified by the proton density fat fraction (PDFF). However, the effect of meals and diurnal variability has not been established. In this study, we examined the variability of PDFF measurements resulting from meals, diurnal variation and between visits on different days. This study demonstrates that CSE-MRI liver fat estimation is not significantly affected by diurnal changes.
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