Accurate pre-procedural vascular mapping may be crucial to guide successful intervention. Whereas MRA provides excellent definition of the perfused vascular lumen, it is insensitive to vascular calcification and may fail to image indwelling devices. CTA can address the latter limitations, but may be contraindicated in patients with renal impairment, as is the case for gadolinium based contrast agents (GBCA). Our early results suggest that, in patients with renal failure, 3D fusion of non-contrast CT and ferumoxytol-enhanced MR images leverages the complementary strengths of both modalities while avoiding both iodinated contrast agents and GBCA.
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