This study evaluates the degree to which resting-state fMRI (rfMRI) response indexes the action at drug target sites by testing whether haemodynamic response to MDMA mirrors receptor 5-HT density profiles measured with PET. We weighted the rfMRI BOLD signal using a high-resolution in vivo atlas of the serotonin system. Results show that an altered haemodynamic response to MDMA is detectable only in the maps related to MDMA serotonin targets. This study provides new evidence that rfMRI haemodynamic response to MDMA reflects the known binding profile of the drug and set the basis for a biologically-informed rfMRI analysis in drug challenges.
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