Arterial spin labeling (ASL) imaging with a respiratory challenge can provide both quantitative baseline cerebral blood flow and the assessment of the cerebrovascular reactivity (CVR), an index for cerebrovascular function. However, to date, low-resolution and single-delay ASL imaging is primarily applied to assess CVR, and therefore limited. We proposed and successfully applied high-resolution multi-delay pseudo-continuous ASL (PCASL) imaging using a slice accelerated EPI readout for respiratory challenge studies. The study results suggest that the respiratory challenge can induce significant changes in arterial transit time (ATT), and that the estimates of ATT from the multi-delay imaging protocol are critical to achieve unbiased CVR measurements.
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