When using quantitative measurements, sensitive to subtle errors, access to a stable reference object is crucial to validate parameter accuracy, and system fluctuations. Here, we propose three complementary phantoms providing ideal systems for validation of metrics of diffusivity, microscopic anisotropy, and compartment orientation. We have used liquid crystals to design phantoms exhibiting local diffusion tensors with normalized anisotropy (DΔ) equal to the theoretical values of +1 (sticks), 0 (balls), as well as –½ (planes). We also confirm that our proposed phantoms have the desired properties with regards to voxel-average diffusion tensors and microscopic diffusion tensors.
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