Neoadjuvant chemotherapy has been used to extend surgical options by downstaging tumor in both locally advanced and operable breast cancer. An early imaging assessment of tumor response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy is critical for timely tailoring personalized treatment strategies. In this study, we investigate whether the changes in the parameters derived from a non-Gaussian diffusion model – continuous-time random-walk (CTRW) model – are predictive of pathologic response in women undergoing neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Our results demonstrate the high predictive performance of the combined changes in CTRW parameters from pre-treatment levels as early as the second cycle of chemotherapy.
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