The use of multi-vendor, multi-site 1H-MRS data acquired at 26 sites as a benchmark for MRS standardization: Comparison of quantification software

¹Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, The Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States, ²F. M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD, United States, ³Imaging Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH, United States, ⁴Radiology, Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine of Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States, ⁵Department of Radiology, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway, ⁶Spinoza Centre for Neuroimaging, Amsterdam, Netherlands, ⁷Department of Radiology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, United States, ⁸Department of Radiology, Taipei Medical University Shuang Ho Hospital, New Taipei City, Taiwan, ⁹Department of Biological and Medical Psychology, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway, ¹⁰NORMENT – Norwegian Center for Mental Disorders Research, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway, ¹¹Department of Kinesiology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium, ¹²REVAL Rehabilitation Research Center, Hasselt University, Leuven, Belgium, ¹³Department of Radiology, Medical Physics, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, Freiburg, Germany, ¹⁴Brain and Consciousness Research Centre, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan, ¹⁵School of Health Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, United States, ¹⁶Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States, ¹⁷Department of Neuroimaging, Central Institute of Mental Health, Mannheim, Germany, ¹⁸Shandong Medical Imaging Research Institute, Shandong University, Jinan, China, ¹⁹Helen Wills Neuroscience Institute, University of California, Berkeley, berkeley, CA, United States, ²⁰Department of Radiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada, ²¹Department of Radiology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai, China, ²²Department of Neurology, BG University Hospital Bergmannsheil, Bochum, Germany, ²³Academic Unit of Radiology, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom, ²⁴Department of Radiology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, National Yang-Ming University, School of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan, ²⁵Department of Radiology, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, Netherlands, ²⁶Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States, ²⁷New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY, United States, ²⁸GE Healthcare, Calgary, AB, Canada, ²⁹GE Healthcare, Taipei, Taiwan, ³⁰Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States, ³¹National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Gainesville, FL, United States, ³²Center for Magnetic Resonance Research, Department of Radiology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States, ³³Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University, new york, NY, United States, ³⁴Department of Psychology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States, ³⁵Helen Wills Neuroscience Institute, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, United States, ³⁶GE Healthcare, Berlin, Germany, ³⁷Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada, ³⁸Department of Clinical and Health Psychology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States, ³⁹Center For Cognitive Aging and Memory, McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States, ⁴⁰Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United States, ⁴¹Department of Radiology, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, United States, ⁴²Research Imaging Centre, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada, ⁴³Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada, ⁴⁴Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States, ⁴⁵School of Biomedical Engineering, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada, ⁴⁶Leuven Research Institute for Neuroscience & Disease (LIND), KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium, ⁴⁷Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, Duesseldorf, Germany, ⁴⁸Department of Functional Neurosurgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China, ⁴⁹Department of Biostatistics, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, United States, ⁵⁰Institute of Clinical Neuroscience and Medical Psychology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, Duesseldorf, Germany