Airspace Dimension Assessment with inhaled nanoparticles (AiDA) and hyperpolarized 129Xe diffusion-weighted (DW)-MRI was performed in twenty-three healthy volunteers to benchmark measurements from AiDA against those from 129Xe DW-MRI. Significant correlations were observed between AiDA derived root mean square distal airspace radius, and 129Xe apparent diffusion coefficient and diffusion model derived acinar airway dimensions. Furthermore, the AiDA recovery at zero-second breath-hold significantly correlated with 129Xe alpha index from the stretched exponential model, a marker of acinar airspace heterogeneity. This benchmarking study demonstrates the potential of AiDA as an alternative method for the clinical evaluation of acinar airway microstructure changes.
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