Hyperpolarized 129Xe MRI is an emergent tool for the quantification of ventilation defects in the lungs. 129Xe is typically imaged with 2D gradient recalled echo (2D-GRE) which may require lengthy breath-holds (up to 16s) to image the lung. This may be problematic in subjects who are not able to comply with these breath-hold constraints. Non-Cartesian spiral imaging samples k-space more efficiently, reducing the acquisition duration. In this work a 3D stack-of-spirals (3D-SoS) imaging sequence was developed and tested in healthy adults alongside conventional 2D-GRE for hyperpolarized 129Xe ventilation mapping, showing equivalent ventilation defect percent quantification in a ~2 s scan.
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