Locus coeruleus (LC) is involved in regulating working memory, learning, attention, and arousal/wakefulness in the brain and accumulating evidence suggest that the LC is the initial brain region that the earliest pathological changes occur in Alzheimer’s disease (AD). We employed neuromelanin-sensitive MRI to detect the changes of LC volumes in AD. Automatic segmentation of the LC revealed profound reductions in LC volumes in AD dementia as compared to prodromal AD and/or healthy controls. Our finding suggests that volumetric reduction of the LC would be a non-invasive biomarker for detecting early pathological changes in AD.
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