The study, performed on a rat model of ischemic stroke, aimed to evaluate a recently proposed myelin biomarker, macromolecular proton fraction (MPF) as a non-invasive tool for monitoring recovery after stroke. Longitudinal observations showed the different time courses of MPF evolution in the infarct zones undergoing subsequent demyelination (DZ) or remyelination (RZ). After a sharp decrease at days 1-5 after MCAO, MPF showed a further decline in the DZ and a restoration in the RZ to day 56. These findings were confirmed by histology which showed similar tissue evolution zones and enhancement of neurogenesis and oligodendrogenesis in the ischemic core.
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