The increased SNR offered by 3D EPI makes it well-suited for high-resolution fMRI but this benefit needs to be weighed against the increased motion sensitivity. Even when prospective motion correction is used to create a consistent excitation volume and image encoding, residual artefacts remain, caused for example by the apparent motion of coil sensitivities relative to the head after PMC. Using simulated fMRI data we examined the impact of this effect on fMRI and a potential correction using motion-adjusted GRAPPA calibration combined with volume-wise bias field removal which in simulations achieved improved sensitivity and specificity of detection of activation.
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