Most smoking cessation attempts result in failure. The striatum is critical area of reward processing, and have been repeatedly linked to nicotine addiction. Neuroimaging studies have shown that chronic smokers had altered resting-state functional connectivity (rsFC) of striatum. Here, we further investigated the different rsFC changes of striatum subsets between smokers who relapsed and those who not relapsed after smoking cessation treatment. We found that smokers who relapsed had decreased rsFC of striatum subsets, while those who not relapse had increased rsFC of striatum subsets. These novel findings suggest that increased connectivity of striatum subsets could imporve likelihood of cessation.
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