Multidimensional diffusion MRI (dMRI) is a powerful tool that even in its simplest form provides more detailed microstructural information than conventional dMRI, such as microscopic anisotropy (µFA) unconfounded by orientation dispersion. However, it requires multiple diffusion encoding modes (usually directional and isotropic encodings) and, for the more advanced versions, prolonged scan and post-processing times. We proposed using convolutional neural networks (CNN) to accelerate multidimensional dMRI data acquisition and analysis, and have demonstrated that satisfactory µFA maps can be generated in real-time with only 50% of the encodings, which might help to better adapt multidimensional dMRI to clinical practices.
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