This study assessed whole-brain structural connectomes in 252 children treated for ALL during early phase of treatment and at end of therapy relative to 89 normal healthy age-similar controls. Both small worldness index and clustering coefficient were significantly lower in patients early and late in therapy relative to the controls but did not change during therapy. However, both characteristic path length and local efficiency significantly decreased during therapy. Decreased network integration and less efficient information transfer in patients treated for ALL is likely to result in decreased performance on neurocognitive testing by end of therapy.
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