HIV theranostics that enables the in vivo imaging of antiretroviral drugs is a powerful tool for the development of antiretrovirals (ARVs) targeting HIV reservoirs, and the development of long-acting ARVs that affect drug adherence and as such reduce viral transmission, prevent new infections, and limit the emergence of viral drug resistance. We tested the possibility to develop HIV theranostics based on the intrinsic CEST contrasts of ARVs. Herein, we measured the CEST effects of first-line ARVs including 3TC (lamivudine) and FTC (emtricitabine) and developed CEST MRI methods for in vivo detection of ARVs in the central nervous system (CNS).
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