Neglecting the effects of T2* changes in the single reference variable flip angle (SR-VFA) method for T1-mapping produces a substantial systematic bias on T1 that increases with TE, T1 changes, and T2* changes. These effects were simulated using 1000 noisy signals of a single voxel using the SPGR equation. It was found that the bias can be corrected by measuring T2* changes dynamically, at the expense of noise, which noise could be mitigated through weighted T1-map combinations across echo times. Multi-echo T1-mapping with the SR-VFA method could be combined with PRFS thermometry to allow fast, accurate T1-mapping of heterogeneous tissue.
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