Mapping the chimpanzee brain connectome is a key to the comprehension of the singularity of the human brain evolution. Contrary to the macaque species, few studies have been performed in vivo on chimpanzees due to its proximity with humans. While different atlases of the structural connectivity exist for humans, we established the first superficial atlas of the white matter connectivity in chimpanzees, using diffusion MRI-based tractography and advanced fiber clustering techniques.
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