MRI/MRS metabolic tracing in human heart with hyperpolarized 13C-enriched pyruvate is feasible, but there remains a need to define the optimal infusion timing that accommodates both short polarization lifetime and subject comfort. Typical studies have used a 5.0 cm3/sec pyruvate infusion rate. We hypothesized that slower infusion is feasible because of the in vitro versus intravascular T1 difference and because vascular properties limit the rate of pyruvate delivery from the infusion site to the heart. Vascular dynamic simulations and preliminary human investigations suggest that a 2.0 cm3/sec pyruvate infusion rate be effectively used.
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