Multiple linearly phase-cycled, multiple-TR bSSFP can be used to effectively estimate off-resonance and condition input to the PLANET algorithm to make it robust to noise and lack of available phase-cycled images. We provide methods of estimating off-resonance given 6 or 8 phase-cycles distributed across multiple-TR acquisitions. Using the elliptical signal model, it is shown that similar ellipse shape at high flip angles allow rotated ellipses to be superimposed, leading to the construction of "virtual" ellipses. Virtual ellipses are shown to be robust to noise and perform well in simulation and phantom studies.
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