Echo Planar Imaging (EPI) is associated with inaccurate velocity quantitation in 4D flow MRI. The systematic errors depend on the orientation of readout and blip phase encoding gradient with respect to the flow direction. This study evaluates EPI-related errors in flow rate and velocity quantitation for in vivo intracardiac 4D flow MRI in a phantom and in ten healthy volunteers. Errors in median flow rate and velocity remain below 10% for normal in vivo intracardiac flow with EPI factor 5. The error is smallest when readout and blip phase encoding gradients are both perpendicular to the main flow.
How to access this content:
For one year after publication, abstracts and videos are only open to registrants of this annual meeting. Registrants should use their existing login information. Non-registrant access can be purchased via the ISMRM E-Library.
After one year, current ISMRM & ISMRT members get free access to both the abstracts and videos. Non-members and non-registrants must purchase access via the ISMRM E-Library.
After two years, the meeting proceedings (abstracts) are opened to the public and require no login information. Videos remain behind password for access by members, registrants and E-Library customers.
Keywords