Renal fat content has been known as correlated with renal injury in type 2 diabetes. However, it is not clear the change of renal fat content in patients with metabolic syndrome (MS), which is a more popular disease threatened human health. In the present study, we assess the feasibility and reproducibility of renal fat fraction (FF) using PDFF imaging with MR mDixon-Quant sequence. And we aim to investigate the changes of renal FF in patients with MS, whose estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) grade were G1(normal or elevated) and G2(mild decline) described in KDIGO (Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes). In addition, we evaluate the correlation of renal FF and eGFR and the major factors of eGFR. The results show that with eGFR decreasing, renal FF in patients with MS-G2 group increased significantly compared with control and MS-G1 group. And the renal FF is an important affection factor of eGFR with a significant negative correlation. The noninvasive quantitative Dixon-based MRI may be a new biomarker for the evaluation of early renal impairment.
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