Despite most ASL cerebrovascular reactivity (CVR) studies being based on single-PLD approaches, it has been shown that the vascular spatiotemporal dynamics of cerebral blood flow (CBF) are altered during hypercapnia. This ultimately leads to inaccuracies in some ASL modelling assumptions, compromising CVR assessment. In this work, we test several multiple-PLD ASL modelling strategies and assess their impact on CBF dynamics and CVR assessment. In particular, the individual and combined impact of estimating dispersion effects and the macrovascular signal are evaluated in terms of quantification of several haemodynamic parameters using multiple-PLD ASL data during two different conditions (resting-state and hypercapnia).
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