This work reports first-time measurements of the time-dependent diffusivity and kurtosis of both water and metabolites in vivo in the mouse gray matter (GM). Our aim is to exploit the complementary information provided by the diffusion of water and intracellular metabolites to investigate and potentially disentangle the role of exchange, structural disorder and restriction in GM. Our results show evidence that water diffusion-time dependence in GM is mostly driven by 1D short-range disorder, potentially alongside exchange. Conversely, metabolites’ diffusion-time dependence is exclusively driven by cellular restrictions, paving a new way to quantify noninvasively microstructural restrictions in GM.
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