In this study, we applied kidney MR Fingerprinting in characterization of renal cell carcinoma (RCC) and correlated the quantitative T1 and T2 values with tumor grade. Our results show significantly lower T2 values between the high-grade/unclassified RCC group and the chromophobe/low-grade RCC group (55±19 vs. 90±24 msec; P<0.05), while no significant difference in T1 values was noticed (P>0.05). More importantly, MRF T1 and T2 measurements provide complementary information in characterization of RCC tumor grades with a sensitivity of 89% and a specificity of 98% in differentiation of the two RCC groups, demonstrating the strength of multi-parametric imaging.
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