Deuterium metabolic imaging (DMI) and hyperpolarized 13C-pyruvate MRI (HP-13C-MRI) are two promising approaches for non-invasive and non-ionizing imaging of tissue metabolism. Here we directly compare these two techniques at 3 T for the first time in humans. DMI using [6,6’-2H2]glucose, and 13C-MRI using hyperpolarized [1-13C]pyruvate, were undertaken in five healthy volunteers. The ratio of 13C-lactate/13C-bicarbonate (mean ±S.D. = 5.05 ±0.89) with HP-13C-MRI was higher than the equivalent 2H-lactate/2H-Glx ratio (0.43 ±0.19) with DMI, which can be explained by differences in tracer administration, subsequent timing of acquisition, and tissue physiology. The results demonstrate the two methods provide different yet complementary data.
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