The GABAergic neurons directly and indirectly regulate hemodynamics. Thus, investigating neurovascular coupling of subtype interneurons is highly important to interpret fMRI data, especially optogenetic fMRI. However, role of subtype interneurons to fMRI is not known. Here, we measured multi-wavelength optical imaging and CBV-weighted fMRI to investigate hemodynamic and metabolic responses of two most common interneuron subtypes, parvalbumin (PV) and somatostatin (SOM). PV induced biphasic hemodynamic responses, initial decrease and later increase, whereas SOM produced only positive hemodynamic responses. In both PV and SOM interneurons, dilation was initiated from the cortical surface.
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