Our study aim to investigate cerebral microstructural changes in Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) using diffusion kurtosis imaging (DKI) for the first time. ALS patients showed mean kurtosis metrics (MK) reductions in several gray/white matter areas. The spatial distribution of the regions with reduced radial kurtosis(RK) was similar to those with decreased MK. No significant axial kurtosis(AK) difference was found between groups. The correlation analysis revealed significant associations between DKI metrics and clinical assessments. Additionally, several white matter regions showed between-group differences in conventional diffusion metrics; but the spatial extent was smaller than that with reduced DKI metrics.
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