Patients with neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) develop cognitive symptoms during the course of disease. We observed decreased intra- and internetwork connectivity in the main cognitive networks by Independent Component Analysis in cognitively impaired patients compared to cognitively preserved patients and healthy controls. The decreased intra- and internetwork connectivity was significantly correlated with cognitive performance in the whole NMOSD group. Our findings indicated that aberrant connectivity patterns across the main cognitive networks might suggest the neural substrates underlying cognitive decline in NMOSD.
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